| Friends, Fund Our Communities is hoping to have five Town Hall meetings in Maryland, one of them in Baltimore, which address the need to severely cut the Department of War budget and re-direct the funds to the cities and states. In Baltimore, we hope to host our Town Hall meeting at the Episcopal Cathedral, University Parkway and Charles St., on Monday, September 26. If you are in dismay that funding for the military consumes some 50% of the federal budget, then join us in planning the Town Hall meeting in Baltimore. We will meet at my residence on Monday, August 15 at 7:30 PM. Call or email me for directions. See you tonight. Kagiso, Max More Than 160 Children Killed in America's Drone War in Pakistan By Chris Woods, The Bureau of Investigative Journalism
Posted on August 14, 2011, Printed on August 15, 2011
http://www.alternet.org/story/152015/more_than_160_children_killed_in_america%27s_drone_war_in_pakistan This story first appeared on the Bureau of Investigative Journalism site. The Bureau of Investigative Journalism has identified credible reports of 168 children killed in seven years of CIA drone strikes in Pakistan's tribal areas. These children would account for 44% of the minimum figure of 385 civilians reported killed by the attacks. Unicef, the United Nations children's agency, said in response to the findings: 'Even one child death from drone missiles or suicide bombings is one child death too many.' Children have been killed throughout the seven years of CIA strikes. Pakistani father Din Mohammad had the misfortune to live next door to militants in Danda Darpakhel, North Waziristan. His neighbours were reportedly part of the Haqqani Network, a group fighting US forces in nearby Afghanistan. On September 8 2010, the CIA's Reaper drones paid a visit. Hellfire missiles tore into the compound killing six alleged militants. One of the Hellfires missed its target, and Din Mohammad's house was hit. He survived. But his son, his two daughters and his nephew all died. His eldest boy had been a student at a Waziristan military cadet college. The other three children were all below school age. Although the Bureau's (Bureau of Investigative Journalism) field researchers have verified the details of this strike, the US continues to deny civilians are being killed in Pakistan strikes. Those who died that day are just four of some 168 children credibly reported as killed and identified by the Bureau. 'One in three'
The highest number of child deaths occurred during the Bush presidency, with 112 children reportedly killed. More than a third of all Bush drone strikes appear to have resulted in the deaths of children. On only one occasion during Bush's time in office did a single child die in a strike. Multiple deaths occurred every other time. On July 28 2008 for example, CIA drones struck a seminary in South Waziristan, killing al Qaeda's chemical weapons expert Abu Khabab al Masri along with his team. Publicly the attack was hailed a success. But the Agency's strike also killed three young boys and a woman. Despite the secrecy surrounding the drones campaign, details emerged in May of this year that not only was the US aware of this 'collateral damage', but that the then-CIA chief Michael Hayden personally apologised to Pakistan's Prime Minister Gilani for the error.
Religious school attacked
It is one of the worst incidents of the entire drones campaign, yet one of the least reported. A CIA strike on a madrassa or religious school in 2006 killed up to 69 children, among 80 civilians.
The attack was on a religious seminary in Chenegai, in Bajaur Agency. CIA drones attacked on October 30, flattening much of the school. Their target was reportedly the headmaster, a known militant. According to some reports, there was also a token late contribution to the assault by Pakistani military helicopters. But dozens of children were also killed, the youngest aged seven. Veteran BBC Urdu journalist Rahimullah Yousufzai, speaking from Peshawr, recalls visiting the village just after the strike: 'People were devastated. I met with a father who had lost two children. He was very patient, talking of how God must have willed this, but he was clearly traumatised.' Initially the Pakistan Army claimed that it had carried out the bombardment, even as shops and offices closed across the region and protests spread. But as the scale of the attack unfolded, the story changed. The Sunday Times carried a report from a key aide to Pakistan's then-President Musharraf stating: We thought it would be less damaging if we said we did it rather than the US. But there was a lot of collateral damage and we've requested the Americans not to do it again. A week after the attack, The News published the names and home villages of 80 victims. 69 were reported as children aged 17 or under. According to the paper's sources: It was claimed that one of the deceased was only seven-year old, three were eight, three nine, one was 10, four were 11, four were 12, eight were 13, six were 14, nine were 15, 19 were 16, 12 were 17, three were 18, three were 19 and only two were 21-years-old. Yousufzai is adamant that the attack was the work of the CIA: 'I am absolutely confident, 100 per cent, that this was carried out by US drones, based on witnesses at the time and the subsequent comments of [Pakistani] government officials.' Escalating War
President Obama, too, has been as Commander-in-Chief responsible for many child deaths in Pakistan. The Bureau has identified 56 children reported killed in drone strikes during his presidency – although child deaths have dropped significantly in recent months. On February 14 2009 the 8-year-old son of Maezol Khan lost his life. More than 25 alleged militants were killed in a massive strike on a nearby house. But flying shrapnel killed the young boy as he slept next door. His grandfather later asked asked: 'How can the US invade our homes while we are sleeping, and target our children?' But one 2009 incident in which children died gives a chilling insight into the tactics of those the CIA are hunting. On August 11 of that year drones attacked an alleged Pakistan Taliban compound, killing up to 25 people. At the time there were reports of women and children killed. Two years later, young survivor Arshad Khan, now in Pakistani police custody, told reporters that the compound was a training camp for teenage suicide bombers. He named four young victims. Arshad says he was recruited without realising he was to be a suicide bomber. Commenting on children killed by drone strikes, Unicef's South Asia regional spokesperson Sarah Crowe told the Bureau: Even one child death from drone missiles or suicide bombings is one child death too many. Children have no place in war and all parties should do their utmost to protect children from violent attacks at all times. Reducing deaths
There are indications that the Obama administration is making efforts to reduce the number of children being killed. Following the incident in September 2010 that killed Din Mohammad's children, and another strike just weeks earlier in which a further three children died, there has been an apparent steep fall in the number of child fatalities reported by media. That is partially in line with claims by some US intelligence officials that drone targeting strategies have been altered to reduce civilian casualties. Although the Bureau has demonstrated that CIA claims of 'zero casualties' are false, there are fewer reports of child casualties since August 2010. Along with two undefined reports of 'children killed', a 17-year-old student was killed in November last year. And on April 22 2011 two drones destroyed a house and guesthouse in Spinwan, North Waziristan. A 12-year-old boy, Atif, was killed in that strike, according to researchers working with the Bureau in Waziristan. Mirza Shahzad Akbar, an Islamabad-based lawyer representing a number of families caught up in drone strikes said: All these children are a big recruitment agent for militants in the area. When you can show people that children are being killed in the drone strikes, all those who are so far non-aligned, that gets them onto the other side. That is what most worries me as a Pakistani. A US counter-terrorism official, commenting generally on the Bureau's findings, denied that civilians were being killed in the numbers suggested and said: 'Nobody is arguing perfection over the life of the program, but this remains the most precise system we've ever had in our arsenal.' Additional reporting by David Pegg and Alice Ross. * For this research, we have adopted the UN's definition of a child as being someone aged between 0 and 17. The majority of those we have come across have been significantly younger than 17. -------------------------- The Bureau has sought to identify accurately the time, location and likely target of all known attacks; to obtain as clear an explanation as possible of what took place during the event; and to detail the numbers, and names where possible, of those killed and injured, whether militant or civilian. This article breaks down our approach into two sections: our sources and our methodology. Our Sources
The CIA does not officially acknowledge or comment on its drone campaign, and the Pakistani government does not publish a count of those killed and injured. Instead, the most comprehensive information on casualties lies in the thousands of press reports of drone strikes filed by reputable national and international media since 2004. Most reports are filed within a day or two of an attack. Sometimes relevant reports can be filed weeks – even years – after the initial strike. We identify our sources at all times, and provide a direct link to the material where possible. Our media sources for this study include: From Western media – CNN, MSNBC, ABC News, Fox News, Reuters, the BBC, Associated Press, the Guardian, the Telegraph, the Washington Post, the New York Times, and the Los Angeles Times. From Pakistani media – Dawn, Express Tribune, The Nation, Pajhwok and Geo TV. From non-mainstream media – New America Foundation, Long War Journal, WikiLeaks and Amnesty International, amongst others. Every strike covered in our database contains reference links to each news report that has been considered whilst researching that incident. At present, the Bureau's access to Urdu-language news resources on the strikes is limited. The main reason is that some Urdu material is not online and in remote parts of Pakistan. This is a situation we hope to remedy in the future. Other sources include the fieldwork of credible researchers and lawyers who have been examining the drone attacks in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas. For example, certain legal cases have been brought in Pakistan against the CIA on behalf of civilian victims of the attack. A number of leaked US intelligence reports and diplomatic cables also deal directly with specific drone attacks, which the Bureau cites where relevant. We have incorporated relevant material from research papers, books and articles by journalists, academics, politicians and former intelligence officers. On most occasions, there is a reasonable consensus between sources. Where contradictory accounts occur, we indicate this in our material. We have also striven to speak with particular journalists about their stories to clarify discrepancies. On a handful of occasions, we have used field researchers ourselves in Waziristan. How the Bureau's sources and data compares with others
Although the CIA is understood to have extensive data on each strike, that information is not made available publicly. A US counter-terrorism official, speaking with the Bureau on background terms, has provided estimates of the numbers killed in the CIA's strikes. A number of other organisations also record details of Pakistan drone strikes. The New America Foundation and the Long War Journal have both done invaluable work, for example, and are a useful cross-referencing tool. However neither resource actively collects and presents data on reported civilian casualties of the drone strikes. Where estimates of civilian casualties have been made, both show significant under-reporting, according to the Bureau's own findings. The Bureau's source base is wider than other organisations, incorporating casualty data not always published in news reports; we have identified more strikes; and we have striven to identify the most current casualty figures for each attack. We believe these factors, in the main, explain our higher figures. For more information on this, please read the related article 'Untangling the data.' Our Methodology
The Oxford Research Group, which champions the monitoring of civilian casualties in conflicts, recently published a paper on drone strikes in Pakistan. It concluded by calling for: 'transparency of definitions, a 'thorough' scope that allows incidents to be identified through the provision of detailed descriptions, a fully outlined methodology that discusses its own assumptions, and the diligent citation of the sources for all published data.' The Bureau has striven to adopt these recommendations as best practice. How we list the strikes:
We have given each strike a unique code. This is a sequential number, with the prefix B for the Bush years, or Ob for Obama years. Where additional strikes are later confirmed, they will be inserted into the sequence with the suffix A, for example see Ob47A. A number of single-source reports have additionally been identified, which may or may not be drone strikes. These also occur in sequence, with the suffix C (see Ob28C, Ob39C and Ob130C, for example). Ob0 is not classified as a drone strike but we have included it in our data for reference purposes. How we reconciled the material:
Even within a specific report there can be contradictory information. Reconciling multiple sources can present particular challenges. Chris Woods is an award-winning London-based investigative journalist and documentary film maker. He specialises in world affairs, notably the global war on terror. For many years he was based at the BBC, working as a senior producer on flagship programmes Newsnight and Panorama. More recently, he has written and directed major documentaries for Channel 4′s Dispatches and for Al Jazeera. He has been with the Bureau since spring 2010. © 2011 The Bureau of Investigative Journalism All rights reserved.
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